Πæóðíàëå Ñîäåðæàíèå íîìåðîâ Ðåäàêöèîííûé ñîâåò Òðåáîâàíèÿ ê ìàòåðèàëàì äëÿ ïóáëèêàöèè Îôîðìëåíèå áèáëèîãðàôè÷åñêîãî ñïèñêà Îðãàíèçàöèÿ è ïîðÿäîê ðåöåíçèðîâàíèÿ Ïîäïèñêà íà æóðíàë Èçäàòåëüñòâî Ðåäàêöèîííàÿ ýòèêà Ñòðàíèöà ãëàâíîãî ðåäàêòîðà
 

Æóðíàë «Ëåñíîé âåñòíèê / Forestry Bulletin»

 


 

ISSN/

1727-3749 / 17273749

2015/2015

19

5

6-164

26

 

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.. . . - , , - .-. , vst01@mail.ru

.., , . . - , . .-. , frolova@mgul.ac.ru

141005, ., . -5, . 1- , . 1,

 

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frolova@mgul.ac.ru

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1. , .. / .. . .: , 1973. 136 .

2. , .. . / .. . .: , 1979. 240 .

3. , . / . . .: , 2011. 460 .

4. , . : / . һ, . . .: , 2012. 200 .

5. Kaplan, Rachel. With People in mind : design and management of everyday nature/ Washington: Island Press, 1998 p. 226

6. , . : / . .: Strelka Press, 2014. 220 .

7. ? / . . .: Strelka Press, 2013. . 5072.

8. , .. : / .. , .. . .: , 2011. 256 .

9. , . - : / . . .: Strelka Press, 2013.
336 .

10. Simonds, John Ormsbee. Garden Cities 21 : creating a livable urban environment / McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994
p. 232

11. , .. / .. // XV . - , 2930 2012 . .: , 2012. 70 .

12. , . / . һ, . . .: , 2012. 276 .

13. , . : / . .: , 2013 128 .

POST-SOVIET URBAN LANDSCAPE TRANSFORMATIONS
INTO NEW PUBLIC SPACES IN THE MORDERN CITIES

Frolova V.A., Assoc. Prof. MSFU, PhD. (Agricultural)

frolova@mgul.ac.ru
Moscow State Forest University (MSFU), 1st Institutskaya st., 1, 141005, Mytischi, Moscow reg., Russia

Urban landscape is a dynamic structure that develops together with the changing lifestyle in modern cities, but some of its components, such as the location of streets and buildings, are legacy of the past. Urban green spaces are a very important part of urban landscape and they have to be useful for the citizens who live next to them. Parks, squares and boulevards usually have good pavements and flower decoration, but it is not enough for making them welcoming and friendly for the everyday open-air life. Nowadays public spaces are places where crowds become a society with public activities, people that lead social life in the surrounding landscape. The research of different sized green territories between buildings integration into urban landscape is a vital issue. Focusing on everyday human issues, we look at city life on small scale. Factors such as the infrastructure of the surrounding neighbourhood, pedestrian access, information, variety of landscape scenery, emotional factor and significance of the site influence the quality of landscape and the development of green territories. Creating (or recreating) lively, safe, sustainable green spaces at a human scale is a possibility to explain how important it is to reconfigure unworkable urban landscapes into new public spaces for citizens who love their cities.

Keywords: urbanism, city space, park, green territories, public spaces.

References

1. Goldshteyn A.F. Frank Lloyd Rayt [Frank Lloyd Rayt]. Moscow: Stroyizdat Publ., 1973. 136 p.

2. Barkhin M.G. Arkhitektura i chelovek. Problemy gradostroitelstva budushchego [Architecture and Man. The Future Urbanistics Problems]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1979. 240 p.

3. Jacobs Jane Smert i zhizn bolshikh amerikanskikh gorodov [The Death and Life of Great American Cities]. Moscow: Novoe izdatelstvo Publ., 2011. 460 p.

4. Gehl Jan Zhizn sredi zdaniy: Ispolzovanie obshchestvennykh prostranstv [Life between buildings Using Public Space]. Island Press, 2006. 216 p. (Russ. ed. Moscow: Alpina Pablisher, 2012. 200 p.)

5. Kaplan, Rachel. With People in mind: design and management of everyday nature. Washington: Island Press, 1998. 226 p.

6. Rybchinskiy V. Gorodskoy konstruktor: Idei i goroda [Makeshift Metropolis Ideas about Cities], Scribner, 2011 256 p. (Russ. ed. Moscow: Strelka Press Publ., 2014. 220 p.)

7. Kaganskiy V. Kak ustroena Rossiya? Portret kulturnogo landshafta [How Russia is organized? The Cultural landscape portrait]. Moscow: Strelka Press Publ., 2013. pp. 50-72.

8. Ozhegov S. S. Istoriya landshaftnoy arkhitektury [The History of Landscape Architecture]. Moscow: Mir i Obrazovanie Publ., 2011. 256 p.

9. Koolhaas Rem Nyu-York vne sebya: Retroaktivnyy manifest Mankhettena [Delirious New York: A Retroactive Manifesto for Manhattan]. Oxford UP. 1978. 320 p. (Russ. ed. Moscow, Strelka Press Publ., 2013. 336 p.)

10. Simonds, John Ormsbee. Garden Cities 21: creating a livable urban environment McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994. p. 232

11. Frolova V.A. Znachimost i vospriyatie otkrytykh prostranstv. [Maintenance and Perception of open spaces] XV Sci. Conf. Problems of greening in big cities 29-30.08.2012. Moscow: MGSU Publ., 2012. 70 p.

12. Gehl Jan Goroda dlya lyudey [Cities for People]. Island Press, 2010. 288 p. (Russ. ed. Moscow, Alpina Pablisher, 2012. 276 p.)

13. Geyl Ya. Moskva na puti k gorodu dlya lyudey: Obshchestvennye prostranstva i obshchestvennaya zhizn [Moscow on his way to city for people: Public Spaces and Public Life] Moscow: Institut Genplana Moskvy Publ., 2013.128 p.

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an.belkin@mail.ru
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1. , .. / ... .: , 1960. 147 .

2. , . / ., .. .: , 1960. . 23. 890 .

3. , .. - () / .. . .-, 1964. 218 .

4. , .. /
.. . .: , 1976. 348.

5. , .. - / .. . .: , 1982. 134 .

6. , .. / .. . .: , 1987. 112 .

7. , . / .. .: , 1972. 249 .

8. / . .. . .: 1975. .1. 541 .

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10. , . / . . .: ,1960. 348 .

THE PERSPECTIVE DIRECTION OF URBAN PLANNING
CULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA

Belkin A.N., Prof. MSUCE, Ph. D (Architecture)

an.belkin@mail.ru
Moscow State University of civil engineering (MSUCE), Yaroslavskoe shosse, 26, 129337, Moscow, Russia

The characteristics and critics of contemporary urban planning culture, practice and organization in Russia are presented in the article. The content of resolution and memorandum of the International conference Urban planning culture. Tradition and perspectives, which took place in St. Petersburg on September 18-19, 2014 are given. These documents emphasize the necessity to elaborate up-to-date state urban policy, rehabilitation and development of the Russian urban planning culture. Intensive lowing of the previous level of urban planning is a result of rejection to create the project of town development in a whole and of various separate decisions, instead of a system method, not taking to account their co-influence and influence on a town as a balanced system. The substantial functional, esthetic town losses, sometimes not replenishable, are shown on the example of Moscow. The high degree of thinking out of a project was guaranteed by state organization, first and foremost by the economy. In the existing conditions of absence of convenient and clear planning indices of economical, demographical and social development, another method of town planning is needed. Master plan might base on more complex and less definitive natural-climatic, ecological, architectural-artistic and cultural principles of city planning. The priority must be given to the natural factors in order to achieve the urban landscape steadiness, in other words, balanced processes of people management and processes of self regulation, basing on natural components. The concept of urban planning based on a position of the city ecological structure formation, a system of open green spaces is proposed. The following principles of system formation are outlined: basing on the existing landscape, continuity, steadiness, multisideness, functional variety, ability to further growth. The connection with the organic decentralization concept by Eliel Saarinen is shown. The proposed concept is seen as a perspective direction of urban planning culture reconstruction and development in Russia.

Keywords: town, culture, urban planning, open spaces, ecological structure, conception, decentralization.

References

1. Burov A.K. Ob Arkchitekture [On Architecture]. Moscow: Gosstroiizdat Publ., 1960, p. 147

2. Marx K., Engels F. Sochineniya [Collected Works]. Moscow: GIPL Publ., 1960, T. 23, p. 890

3. Kositskiy Y.V. Arkchitekturno-planirovochnye printsipy proektirovaniya gorodov (Urbanistika) [Architectural principles of a town planning. Urbanism]. Moscow-Kcharkov, 1964, p. 218

4. Isachenko A.G. Prikladnoye landshaftovedeniye [Applied landscape]. Leningrad: Nauka Publ., 1976, p. 348

5. Vergunov A.P. Arkchitekturno-landshaftnaya organizatsiya krupnogo goroda [Architectural-landscaping of a big town]. Moscow: Stroiizdat Publ., 1982, p. 134

6. Belkin A.N. Gorodskoi landshaft [Urban Landscape]. Moscow: Vyisshaya shkola Publ., 1989. p.112

7. Gruza I. Teoriya goroda [The Theory of Town]. Moscow: Stroiizdat Publ., 1972, p.249

8. Mastera sovetskoi architectury ob architecture [Masters of the soviet architecture], pod red. M.G. Barkchina. Moscow: Stroiizdat Publ., 1975, T.1. p. 541

9. Baburov V.V., Mikulina E.M. Prirodnaya sreda v prostranstvennoi structure goroda. [Nature in an urban spatial structure]. Moscow: Stroiizdat Publ., 1975. p.6.

10. Wright F. Budushchee arkchitektury [Future of the architecture]. Moscow: Stroiizdat Publ., 1960, p. 348.

 

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