|
ISSN/
|
1727-3749
/ 17273749
|
|
2015/2015
|
|
|
19
|
|
4
|
|
|
4-201
|
|
30
|
.. , ,
,
prezident@mgul.ac.ru,
141005, ., . -5, . 1- , . 1,
.. , .,
. . , . .
vfalco@yandex.ru
141005, ., .
-5, . 1- , . 1,
, -- 1992 .
2012 . +20, .
(, 34 2014 .)
(, 23 2014 .)
, .
,
. , ,
, , ,
,
.
.
: 1) ,
, ; 2)
; 3)
,
; 4)
; 5)
- ,
.
.
,
, .
:
, , , ,
, , , - ,
.
:
1. , .. :
/ .. // , 2015. 4.
. 1421.
2. , ..
/ .. . .: ,
2003. 336 .
3. , ..
// . 2009. 4.
. 7492.
4. , ..
: , , / ..
// . 2015. 4. . 2932.
5. , .. / .. .
.: , 1959. 432 .
6. , .. ,
/ .. . .: , 2010. 407 .
7. , .. / .. .
.-.: , 1935. 206 .
8. , .. .
/ .. . .: , 2008.
726 .
9. , ..
/ .. // .
2015. 4. . 3338.
10. -, .. / ..
- // : . 6. .:
, 2013. 656 .
11. , ..
/ .. // . // .
. .
11. .: , 1991. . 2329.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OR HARMONIZATION OF SOCIAL AND NATURAL SYSTEMS?
Falko V.I., Prof. MSFU, Ph.D.
(Philosophy)
vfalco@yandex.ru Moscow State Forest University, 141005, Moscow Region.,
Mytishchi-5, 1st Institutskaya Str. 1, MSFU
The concept of sustainable development adopted at the Earth Summit in
Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and confirmed in 2012 at Rio + 20 conference, remains
the subject of heated debates. The discussion of this issue at the
International Scientific Conference Ecological culture as a factor of
sustainable development of society (MSFU, 3-4 June 2014) and at the National
Forum on Sustainable Development (Moscow, December 23, 2014) revealed a
diversity of points of view that are presented in literature. These are
positions of the supporters and opponents of this concept, compromising points
of view and alternative approaches to sustainable development. It is noteworthy
that scientists who stick to different points of view are usually supporters of
the same type of environmental outlook the so-called ecocentrism which embodies
the ideal of harmony between the society and nature. The author of the present
article considers the development of the concept of harmonization of
socio-natural systems as a possible alternative to the concept of sustainable
development to be reasonable. The main ideas of the proposed approach are:
1)transition from the idea of usefulness which lies in the basis of the concept
of sustainable development to the idea of harmony of social and natural
systems, 2) understanding of the optimal state of the system as a stable disequilibrium,
3) rejection of priority of interest in the relationship between man and
nature, its replacement by primacy of communication, 4) recognition of the
subjectivity of nature in interaction and communication with the individuals
and society, 5) overcoming of the synergetic paradigm by means of
system-synergetic methodology, in the development of which dialogics plays an
important role. The proposed approach is consistent with modern cognitive
models. It can help to overcome the legacy of samples of scientific and
philosophical thought prevailing in the modern concept of sustainable
development, and to achieve a new level of environmental culture.
Keywords: sustainable development, harmony, social and natural systems,
non-sustainability, sustainable imbalance, communication, dialogics,
system-synergy methodology, ecological culture.
References
1. Barlybaev Kh.A. Ustoychivoe razvitie: mif ili
prizyv k blagorazumiyu [Sustainable
Development: Myth or call for prudence]. Moscow state forest university bulletinLesnoy
vestnik. 2015. 4. pp. 1421.
2. Barlybaev Kh.A. Obshchaya teoriya globalizatsii i
ustoychivogo razvitiya [The
general theory of globalization and sustainable development]. Moscow: Izdanie
Gosudarstvennoy Dumy, 2003. 336 p.
3. Girusov E.V. Ekologicheskaya kultura kak
vysshaya forma gumanizma [Ecological
culture as the highest form of humanism]. Filosofiya
i obshchestvo. 2009. 4. pp. 7492.
4. Kochergin A.N. Ekologicheskaya kultura kak faktor
ustoychivogo razvitiya obshchestva: problemy, vozmozhnosti, realii [Ecological culture as a factor of
sustainable development of society: Challenges, Opportunities, Realities].
Moscow state forest university bulletinLesnoy vestnik. 2015. 4. pp. 2932.
5. Eshbi U.R. Vvedenie v kibernetiku [Introduction to Cybernetics]. Moscow:
Izdatelstvo inostrannoy literatury, 1959. 432 p.
6. Chaykovskiy Yu.V. Diatropika, evolyutsiya i
sistematika [Diatropika,
evolution and systematics]. M.: Tovarishchestvo nauchnykh izdaniy KMK, 2010.
407 p.
7. Bauer, E.S. Teoreticheskaya biologiya [Theoretical Biology].
Moscow-Leningrad: Izd-vo VIEM, 1935. 206 .
8. Chaykovskiy Yu.V. Aktivnyy svyaznyy mir. Opyt teorii
evolyutsii zhizni [Activities
connected world. Experience the theory of evolution of life]. Moscow:
Tovarishchestvo nauchnykh izdaniy KMK, 2008. 726 p.
9. Kuzina L.V. Zelenaya ekonomika kak alternativa
sushchestvuyushchey rynochnoy ekonomike [Green
economy as an alternative to the existing market economy] Moscow state forest university
bulletinLesnoy vestnik. 2015. 4. pp. 3338.
10. Danilov-Danilyan V.I. Ustoychivoe razvitie [Sustainable development]. Ekologicheskaya entsiklopediya: V 6
t. T. 6. Moscow: OOO
Izdatelstvo Entsiklopediya, 2013. 656 p.
11. Falko V.I. Eticheskie perspektivy
ekologicheskogo soznaniya [Ethical
perspectives of ecological consciousness]. Moscow state forest university
bulletinLesnoy vestnik. 2011. pp. 212217.
.. , .
. , . .
barkovskaja@inbox.ru
, 220050, , , -
,4
, . .
, , .
, ,
, . . .
,
, ,
, . ,
, ,
, .
,
, .
, .
,
. ,
.
, ,
, , , ,
.
. :
, ,
. ,
. ,
, , , . - ,
, ,
, .
: ,
, , , , , , .
1. , . / .
. . . / . .. . .: ,
1987. . 282.
2. , . . . / . . .:
, 1967. . 4. C. 166.
3. , . ? / . . . .
/ . . . .. . .: , 1990. . 2324.
4. , . / . // 3- .: .
. .. , .. . .: , 1979-1981. . 1. . 43, 220.
5. , . / . // 3- .: .
. .. , .. . .: , 1981. . 3. . 271, 274.
6. . .
: . . / .: , 1993. . 453.
7. , . .
/. / . . ..
; . .. , .. . .: , 1996.
333 .
8. , . / . / . .
. . .: , 1993. . 4849.
9. . .: . ., 1972. .
2584.
10. , . / . : .
. .: . ., 1985. 368 .
THE WORLD OF NATURE: BEAUTY PRESUMPTION
Barkovskaja Ala V., Assoc. Prof., Belarusian State
University, Ph D (Philosophy)
barkovskaja@inbox.ru Belarusian State
University, 220050, Republic of Belarus, Minsk, Independence Ave., 4
The Beauty is not a mere category of pure aesthetics because of its
primordial sense that is implied in ecological, natural scientific, social and
other types of discourses. As a result, notions like the ecological Beauty,
the Beauty of Nature, The Beauty of theory, The Beauty of words and
others are very widespread in professional languages. The secret of Beauty is
its ability to harmonize every type of objects (theoretical knowledge, the work
of art, industrial building or the city), which makes it self-valued. At the
same time, there are more and more words nowadays in defense of the Beauty
itself against the Disfigured and the Discord, which pretend to take its place
as its substitute. The aesthetical simulation is especially evident in the
process of replanning the cities and capitals that systematically destroys
natural landscapes, the beauty of which refined the people as well. Into the
not closely build-over area of the capital city with its natural green isles
new high-rise buildings are built that peep through the windows of old
residents houses. The expediency logic of the new architectural politics turns
out for the lack of joy of those people who need to contact with the glass and
concrete that substitute the natural climate of our common places.
Architectural eclectics proves to be more important than the natural
aesthetics, the comfort of the urban environment and climatic oasis. The active
construction activity also expands city borders to forest areas, which from the
earliest times protect and feed the city, serve as recreation zone and provide
us with the feeling (though a symbolic one) that the natural world and we are
together. The natural beauty always served as a model of natural aesthetics for
all things artificially constructed by the man. The result of the
above-mentioned process exceeds all expectations and the modern dormitory areas
find themselves at the urban desert amidst sand, asphalt and refuse bins. The
paradox of the situation is that the very green outskirts of city cease to be
as such. So, the presumption of the Beauty of the natural world (though itself
as well) demands our protection. The modern culture is anthropocentric as it
was before and the nature is a mere object of our interests. A man substituting
the natural world with a virtual one made him or herself the object of his/her
own manipulations.
Key words: Nature, human, beauty, culture, social practice, science,
art, eco-ethics.
References
1. Heisenberg W. Znachenie krasoty v tochnoy nauke [The meaning of Beauty in exact
science] Shagi za gorizont [The steps over horizon]. Moscow:
Progress, 1987, 282 p.
2. Einstein A. Sobranie nauchnykh trudov [Collected papers]. Moscow: Nauka,
1967, V. 4, 166 p.
3. Fromm E. Imet ili byt? [To Have or to Be?] Moscow: Progress,
1990. pp. 2324.
4. Montaigne de M. Opyty [Essays]. Moscow: Nauka, 19791981, V.
1, p. 43; p. 220.
5. Montaigne de M. Opyty [Essays]. Moscow: Nauka, 19791981, V.
3, p. 271; p. 274.
6. Poeziya
frantsuzskogo simvolizma. Lotreamon. Pesni Maldorora [The poetry of the French symbolism. Lautramont. Maldoror]. Moscow: MGU, 1993, pp. 453.
7. Veydle V. Umiranie iskusstva. Razmyshleniya o
sudbe literaturnogo i khudozhestvennogo tvorchestva [The dying of art. Meditations on the
fate of literary and art creation]. Sankt-Petersburg.: Aksioma, 1996, 333 p.
8. Eisler R. The Chalice and
The Blade: Our History, Our Future. New York: Harper & Row, 1989, pp.
4849.
9. Aleksandriyskaya
poeziya [Alexandria
poetry]. Moscow: Khud. lit., 1972, pp. 2584.
10. Ronsard P. Izbrannaya poeziya [Selected poetry] Moscow: Khud. lit., 1985,
368 p.
.. , . . . ,
. , , - . , - .
hbarlybaev@rambler.ru
,
119991, . , . , 14, 5
119571, . , . , 82, 1
, .
: , ,
- ,
, ,
? E ,
- , , ,
?
, .
-, -
, -
,
()
.
. ,
,
. ,
.
sustainable
development,
.
.
, ,
. ,
:
,
.
,
.
:
, ,
+20, , ,
.
1. , .. .
/ .. . -: , 2000. 113 .
2. , .. . 4- . . 1:
. / .. . :
, 2014. 411 .
3. , ..
/ .. . : , 1993. 54 .
4. , .-. :
/ .-. , . . :
, 2001. 335 .
5. , .. ? /
.. . : , 1999. 288 .
6. , .. .
// .. . 2 . . 1. : , 1988. 892 .
7. , ..
: / .. // .
2012. 12. . 717.
8. +20 ,
http://grow.clicr.ru/news/81.
9. Ed. B.Nath, L.Hens,
D.Devuyst. Sustainable Development., London, Brussels, Paris. 1995. 523 .
10. Stephen A.Roosa.
Sustainable Development Handbook. Hardcover. 2007. 491 .
11. Simon Dresner. The
Principles of Sustainability. Hardcover. 2009. 224 .
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: MYTH OR CALL FOR PRUDENCE
Barlybaev H.A., Leading Researcher of Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences,
Prof. of Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Service under the President of the Russian Federation,
Dr. Sci. (Philosophy), Dr. Sci. (Economic)
hbarlybaev@rambler.ru
Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences,
119991, Moscow, Volhonka Street, 14, Building 5
Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Service under the President of the Russian Federation,
119571, Moscow, Vernadsky Prospekt, 82, Building 1
It is alleged that from all existing scientific and philosophical
doctrines the only scientific idea and a practical guide to save the humanity
is the concept of sustainable development, supported by the United Nations. An
objective analysis of the content of the concept of sustainable development
shows that from the very beginning of its origin and to this day, it stands for
search of certain ways and means of saving the planet. Proceeding from the
above, we can recommend that the international community, the United Nations
announced the continuation of the strategy of sustainable development through
concepts and strategies to save the planet Earth. All the measures referred
to by the UN, in particular, in the XXI century Agenda, for example, research,
socio-economic transformations, regulation of population, resource and energy
conservation, air protection, protection of the seas, oceans, forests and soil
cover, should be aimed at saving the planet. Proclaiming the concept of saving
the planet in the first place will require evidence that the earth is really on
the verge of irreversible environmental damage and needs organized defense.
Scientists and specialists actively warn the human mankind of the impending
environmental disaster, sometimes labeled as alarmists with a negative shade.
Obviously, the alarmists are like ancient observers from the fire tower,
ringing a bell to call people to put out fires. Only people completely cut off
from life or covered by the addiction of overconsumption, possessed by the
marauding greed assigning more and more land resources or suffering from mental
and ideological deviations do not hear and do not allow others to hear the bell
of various anomalous phenomena, anthropogenic disasters and similar facts as
deadly signs of instability of the modern world community. Such people deserve
condemnation in the conscious or unconscious actions against humanity,
especially in relation to future generations. Destructive criticism of the
concept of sustainable development in a negative aspect is conducted from the
perspective of its negation as a disruptive, failed project. In the Western
countries some people call it a kind of socialist ideas, and in Russia a
Western concept, aimed at promoting the interests only of the Golden billion
countries. It stands up for fundamental change of the existing social order, so
its opponents are the ruling classes and their supporters. This concept of
criticism includes such labels as utopia, myth, an illusion, a conspiracy
world behind the scenes, running ahead, alarmist idea and so on. Perhaps, the
mankind cannot live without both the natural environment and the use of science
and environmentally friendly technical progress. The mankind will hardly ever
want to abandon the development of techniques and technologies, achieving their
development within the natural laws of functioning of the Earths biosphere.
Keywords: Sustainable development. UN Conference Rio+20.
Manifestations of instability. Environmental threats. Measures of transition to
sustainable development.
References
1. Zubakov V.A. Dom Zemlya. Kontury ekogeosofskogo
mirovozzreniya [House the Earth.
Contours of ecogeosophical outlook]. Sankt-Petersburg: Sudarynya, 2000. 113 p.
2. Barlybaev Kh.A. Izbrannye trudy. V 4 t. T. 1:
Ustoychivoe razvitie. Globalizatsiya [Selected
Works. In 4 vol. Vol. 1: Sustainable Development. Globalization]. Moscow:
Izdatelskiy dom Nauchnaya biblioteka, 2014. 411.
3. Koptyug V.A. Konferentsiya OON po
okruzhayushchey srede i razvitiyu [United
Nations Conference on Environment and Development]. Novosibirsk: SO RAN, 1993.
54 p.
4. Martin G.-P., Shumann H. Zapadnya globalizatsii: ataka na
protsvetanie i demokratiyu [Entrapment
of globalization: an attack on democracy and prosperity]. Moscow: Izdatelskiy
dom ALPINA, 2001. 335 p.
5. Moiseev N.N. Byt ili ne byt chelovechestvu? [To be or not to be... humanity?]
Moscow: Ulyanovskiy Dom pechati, 1999. 288 p.
6. Soloviev V.S. Opravdanie dobra. Nravstvennaya
filosofiya. Sochineniya v 2 t. T. 1. [Justification
of the Good. Moral Philosophy. V.S. Soloviev. Works in 2 vol. Vol. 1.] Moscow:
Mysl, 1988. 892 p.
7. Chumakov A.N. Aktualnye problemy sovremennoy
globalistiki: sotsioprirodnyy aspect [Actual
problems of modern global studies: socio-natural aspect]. Filosofskie nauki.
2012. 12. pp. 717.
8. Itogovyy
dokument RIO+20 Budushchee, kotorogo my khotim. [Outcome RIO + 20 The future we want.
Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://grow.clicr.ru/news/81.
9. Ed. B.Nath, L.Hens,
D.Devuyst. Sustainable Development., London, Brussels, Paris. 1995. 523 .
10. Stephen A.Roosa.
Sustainable Development Handbook. Hardcover. 2007. 491 .
11. Simon Dresner. The
Principles of Sustainability. Hardcover. 2009. 224 p.
.. , ., . . , . .
caf-lesovod@mgul.ac.ru
141005, ., .
-5, . 1- , . 1,
.
.
(
).
. .
.
.
.
.
.
XVIII XIX ., XIX XX .
.
.
.. (1927), .. (1962).
∆D.
ΔD :
1.
.
2.
10 .
3.
D(n).
4.
: D (n)
= D(n)/Dc (6).
5. ∆ D = D(10) D(1).
-
, -
20102011 .
∆D. 20122013 .
.
ΔD
,
-
.
.
:
, , .
1. , .. ()
/ .. //
. .: , 1983. . 1432.
2. , ..
/ .. // . .: ,
1983. . 5061.
3. , . -
, / . , .
// : .
, 1990. . 1314.
4. , ..
/ .. . : , 1992. 200 .
5. , . . , .
2- . / . , . , . . .: , 1989. . 1 667 .,
. 2 447 .
6. , ..
/ .. . .: , 1969. 232 .
7. , .. . , ,
( ): / .. .: ,
2000. 264 .
8. , .. / ..
. .: , 1997. 87 .
9. , .. / .. .
.: -, 1978. 272 .
10. , ..
( ) / .. .
-, 2000. 416 .
11. , ..
/ .. . ., 1978. 95 .
12. , .. :
/ .. , .. , .. //
. 2003. 7. . 211.
13. , ..
/ .. . .: , 1984. 174 .
14. , ..
, (
) / .. , .. //
: . .: ,
2000. . 303. . 132135.
15. , ..
- / ..
, .. , .. //
: . .: , 1999. . 297. . 111114.
16. , .. ,
- / .. ,
.. //
: - .
: , 2014. . 9699.
17. , ..
/ .. . .: , 1974. 124 .
18. , .. / ..
, .. // , 1990. 8. . 5154.
19. , .. / ..
// . 1989. 4. . 1221.
20. , .. :
// . . .: , 1996. . 283. . 2437.
21. , .. /
.. . .: -, 1984. 168 .
22. , .. / ..
. .: -, 1983. 136 .
23. , .. / .. . .:
-, 1980. 406 .
24. , ..
/ .. , .. , .. . .:
, 1989. 223 .
25. , ..
/ .. // . 1995.
5. . 24.
26.